act of God通常译为“天灾、不可抗力”,在法律翻译中,还可能用到本属法语的Force Majeure,以及本属拉丁语的vismajor,它们通常也被译为“不可抗力”。还有一个英语单词contingency,本来指“突发事件、意外事件”,但在实践中也常与不可抗力条款混用。例句:
An act of God is so extraordinary and devoid of human agency that reasonable care would not avoid the consequences; hence, the injured party has no right to damages.
由于不可抗力不合规律、不能为人力控制,尽到合理注意义务也不能够避免后果,所以,受害人无权请求损害赔偿。
The defendant can excuse himself by showing that the loss was owing to the plaintiff or the act of God, or vis major (a great or superior force).
被告可以通过证明损失系由原告自己或不可抗力因素造成而免除自己的责任。